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Digital & Coding Fundamentals
Adaptive Modulation
Bit-Error Rate (BER)
Dynamic Networks (SDN/NFV)
Dynamic/Adaptive Routing
Error Control Coding
Intersymbol Interference (ISI)
Modulation Schemes
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)
QoS Fairness
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
Retransmission
Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM)
FSO Advantages
Advantages of FSO
Interception Resistance
Lack of Side Lobes
Low-Receive Footprint
Multiple Smallsat Downlink
Spectrum Availability
Speed Comparison: FSO vs Fiber
Transmission ends if signal is blocked
FSO Disadvantages
Atmospheric Interference
Atmospheric Turbulence
Optical Limitations
Physical Limitations
Government Agencies
Advanced Research in Telecommunication Systems (ARTES)
European Space Agency (ESA)
Glenn Research Center
Goddard Space Flight Center
JAXA
JPL
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory (MITLL)
NASA
NASA Optical Tech Commercialization Catalog (OTCC)
NICT
OLSG
SCaN
Space and Missile Systems Center
Space Development Agency (SDA)
The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
The German Aerospace Center (DLR)
The National Centre for Space Studies (CNES)
United States Space Force
UWA Astrophotonics Group
Government Applications
Blackjack LEO Constellation
Deep-Space Optical Communications (DSOC)
Engineering Test Satellite (ETS)
European Data Relay System (EDRS)
Galileo
GEODSS System
Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS)
High-speed Communication with Advanced Laser Instrument (HICALI)
Hodoyoshi-2 (RISESAT)
HydRON
INNOVA
JDRS
Koganei OGS
LCRD
LEO to GEO Downlink
Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration (LLCD)
O2O
OCTL
OICETS
OPALS
OSIRIS
ScyLight
SOCRATES
SOTA
Space Data Highway
Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS)
UWA Astrophotonics Group
WGS Expansions
Industry
Airbus
Aircision
AMERGINT Technologies
Analytical Space, Inc.
Applied Technology Associates (ATA)
AstroTerrace
Attochron
Ball Aerospace
BRIDGECOMM, Inc.
CableFree
Cailabs
Fibertek
Hughes Communications
ITU-R
Kongsberg Satellite Services (KSAT)
L3 CS-WEST
Laser Light Communications, LLC
LGS Innovations
MOSTCOM
Mynaric
NSR
PathFinder Digital LLC
Peraton
SA Photonics
SmartOptics
Space Micro Inc.
SSTL
Tesat-Spacecom
The Aerospace Corporation
The Netherlands Organization (TNO)
ViaLight Communictions
Vision Engineering Solutions, LLC
Xenesis, Atlas Space Operations & Laserlight (Empower Space Alliance)
York Space Systems
Industry Applications
Adaptive Visual Tracking and Acquisition for VLC
Conformal VLC Receivers with Photodetector Arrays
GS-200 (ARMADILLO)
GS-400 (RHINO)
Iridium
LEO to GEO Downlink
Luminescent Detector
Project Loon
Quantum Experiments at Space Scale (QUESS)
Starlink
Telesat LEO
Telstar Satellite
Optical Fundamentals
Adaptive Optics
Aperture Averaging
Areas of Ongoing FSO Research
Eye Safety
Field of View (FOV)
FSO Acronyms
FSO Overview and Key Terms
Mitigation Techniques for FSO
Nonlinear Optics
OGS
Optical Wireless Communications (OWC)
Pointing Stability: Vibration and Sway
Saturation Flux Density (SFD)
Speed of Data Transmission
Wavelength Coherence
Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)
Wavelength Selection
Research & Development
Alleviation of Jamming in Free Space Optical Communication over Gamma-Gamma Channel with Pointing Errors
Anomalous refraction of optical spacetime wave packets
Photon-per-Bit receiver for deep space communications
Quantum Cascade Laser for FSO Communication
Quantum Entanglement for Space-to-Earth Communications
RF Fundamentals
Adjacent Satellite Interference
Phased Arrays
Spatial Diversity
Satellite Fundamentals
Cognitive Diversity Network
Command & Data Handling (C&DH)
Cooperative Diversity
Geostationary Orbit (GEO)
LEO Constellation
LEO to GEO Downlink
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)
PAT
RF/FSO Default Links
Satellite-to-Ground Links (SGL)
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
Site Diversity
Smart Antennae
Telescope Material Selection
Transportable Optical Ground Station (TOGS)
Technical Applications
Coherent Orthogonal Optical Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM)
Elastic Optical Networks (EONs)
FSO Underwater
Global Positioning System (GPS)
High-Speed Train System
LiDAR
Mobile FSO Platforms
OISL
Optical Wireless Home Networks
Quantum Links/Next Gen Encryption
UV Non-Line-of-Sight System

Optical Fundamentals