Overview The European Space Agency's Advanced Research in Telecommunication Systems (ESA's ARTES) is a program focused on developing products and services for the satellite communication sector in ...

Overview A phased array is an array of antennas that can have their beam path steered without physically moving the antennas. This is accomplished by changing the phase angle of the beam using a ...

Overview Originally designed by the Soviet Union for military communication purposes in the 1970s, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) is a satellite constellation that has been adapted ...

Overview Iridium is a LEO satellite constellation which provides high-quality voice and data connections across the entire planet. The constellation was originally conceived to consist of 77 ...

Overview Kongsberg Satellite Services (KSAT) is a Norwegian-based satcom company specializing in RF ground station services and Earth observation programs. KSAT also stands for Kvalitet, Stolthet, ...

Overview Starlink is a LEO satellite constellation being developed by the company SpaceX. The goal of Starlink is to deliver high-speed broadband internet using FSO technology to locations where ...

Overview The Netherlands Organization (TNO), also the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, is an independent, non-government-funded non-profit applied science research ...

Overview Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) are an application of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) that operates using very small spacings between transmittable frequencies, usually 12.5 GHz (or ...

Overview The following is a list of modulation schemes used in FSO and satcom along with a descriptor of each scheme and examples of practical applications.   Analog Modulation Analog modulation ...

OverviewCoherent Orthogonal Optical Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM) is a type of WDM technology that uses the mathematical principle of orthogonality to send many secure signals in a small ...