Overview The following is a list of modulation schemes used in FSO and satcom along with a descriptor of each scheme and examples of practical applications.   Analog Modulation Analog modulation ...

OverviewCoherent Orthogonal Optical Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM) is a type of WDM technology that uses the mathematical principle of orthogonality to send many secure signals in a small ...

Overview The United States Space Force (USSF), formerly the Air Force Space Command (AFSC), is the branch of the United States military forces that addresses space warfare for the United States. The ...

Overview ScyLight is a program run by the European Space Agency (ESA) with the purpose to address innovative optical communications technologies for satellite communication applications. ScyLight aims ...

Overview Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) is a digital modulation technique used to convert analog information into a binary sequence. Each digit in the binary sequence represents the approximate amplitude ...

Overview The Space Data Highway (SDH) is a service operated by Airbus that uses the European Data Relay System (EDRS) to provide laser-based communications from LEO and airborne systems to GEO ...

Overview The European Space Agency's Advanced Research in Telecommunication Systems (ESA's ARTES) is a program focused on developing products and services for the satellite communication sector in ...

Overview A phased array is an array of antennas that can have their beam path steered without physically moving the antennas. This is accomplished by changing the phase angle of the beam using a ...

Overview Originally designed by the Soviet Union for military communication purposes in the 1970s, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) is a satellite constellation that has been adapted ...

Overview Iridium is a LEO satellite constellation which provides high-quality voice and data connections across the entire planet. The constellation was originally conceived to consist of 77 ...